Print is essential for a democratic society.

• Print plays a central role in promoting literacy and strengthening reading skills. Research shows that individuals often overestimate how well they understand digital texts, while printed materials support deeper and more accurate comprehension. Studies indicate that reading on paper provides a clear advantage in situations that require higher mental effort, particularly during time-constrained reading and when engaging with informational rather than narrative texts. The “Shallowing Hypothesis” further explains that on-screen reading encourages skim-reading and scanning, leading to more superficial processing (Delgado et al., 2018).
• Unlike algorithm-driven digital environments, literature and the printed press expose readers to a broader range of perspectives and ideas. Print supports independent opinion-forming by presenting comprehensive informational texts that help readers develop well-rounded understanding. These qualities make print an important medium for fostering critical thinking and informed citizenship.
• Printed materials support transparency and fairness in democratic participation. Physical ballots provide tangible proof of a vote, contributing to trust in electoral processes. Printed election posters offer quick, accessible overviews of candidates and parties, while local newspapers ensure voters receive balanced information about regional political landscapes. Research shows that communities with strong local newspaper readership are less likely to vote for right-wing parties, highlighting the stabilising role of local print journalism (Flößers, 2024).
Printed communication remains one of the most inclusive forms of information delivery. Unlike digital channels, it does not exclude people based on age, digital skills, access to devices, or connectivity. Print ensures that all members of the population, regardless of background, can access essential information, participate in civic life, and engage fully with their communities.